Denmarks national energy efficiency action plan neeap. Lowdensity residential areas have usually not been attractive markets for district heating, although there have been. In denmark, the change is mainly due to a political 100% renewable energy target. The recommended minimum levels take into account cost efficient. Many of these, almost a half million, are district heating dh installations. Traditional excess heat resources are combined heat and power chp plants, wastetoenergy wte plants, and industrial. The widespread use of district heating dh and combined heat and power chp is. Usually, a hot water distribution system in chaudesaigues in france is regarded as the first real district heating system. Path dependency in provision of domestic heating nature energy. Denmark is also one of the most energy efficient countries in the world.
Chp share in the public electricity production 17% total the district heating customers are. The district heating dh system is a cornerstone in. According to, the fundamental idea of district heating is to use local fuel or heat resources that would otherwise be wasted, in order to satisfy local customer demands for heating, by using a heat distribution network of pipes as a local market place. Thermal storage 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 electricity phs thermal gas cavern liquid fuel y y price cycle efficiency. Monitoring results from large scale heat storages for district heating in denmark. District heating denmark 60% of heat demand sweden 50% of heat demand about 12% of heat demands in germany and austria about 12% of heat demands in europe common in russia and china, called district energy in us.
Poster session presented at cities annual conference, kgs. Electricity generation from wind turbines is not fully integrated in the energy systems. Review 4th generation district heating 4gdh integrating smart thermal grids into future sustainable energy systems henrik lunda, sven wernerb, robin wiltshirec, svend svendsend, jan eric thorsene, frede hvelplunda, brian vad mathiesenf adepartment of development and planning, aalborg university, vestre havnepromenade 9, dk9000 aalborg, denmark b school of business and engineering. Denmark has become a net exporter of oil and expects to remain. Linear heat density in denmark and china in 2007 and 2011. Seasonal storage for solar district heating iea shc solar academy task 55, march 2019 jan erik nielsen btes cost limited cost data is available for the implementation of borehole thermal energy storages. District heating is characterized by well planned and prepared service operation. These 10 steps and the best practice policies form the basis of the district energy in cities initiative methodology and have been adapted and tailored to different local contexts and needs during support and. Seasonal storage for solar district heating iea shc solar academy task 55, march 2019 jan erik nielsen experiences from denmark planenergi consultant engineers 40 employees 35 years with renewable heating o biomass, biogas, solar heat, heat jan erik nielsen pumps, district heating. Converting steambased district heating systems to hot water. The tender documents should at least contain a description of the following.
Changes in demand for heating, cooling and district heating and cooling, 20152030 33 figure 7. The main services available from a district heating system are space heating, hot water distribution, and space cooling. The district heating dh system is a cornerstone in denmarks green and efficient energy system. District energy has the potential to cover 50% of the anticipated heating demand in 2050. Solar district heating in the peoples republic of china.
Combined heat and power, heat pumps, district heating, energy systems analysis, optimisation. For most district heating systems a 1year data set is collected, but for two district heating systems 5 and 6 years of data sets respectively are collected. Hot cool magazine hot cool the international district energy magazine. Dynamic performance of a district heating system in madumvej. Low temperature district heating aalborg universitet. Modeling and optimization article pdf available in frontiers in built environment 2 october 2016 with 1,931 reads how we measure reads. China has one of the largest district heating dh markets in the world with total district heat sales in 2011 amounting to 2,810,220 tj. Today, over 80% of dh is coproduced with electricity. Residents living in dwellings with district heating systems in denmark 20102016 number of district heating customers in finland 20072017 number of dwellings using district heating in. We would like to share with you a new recommendation on correct water treatment from danish district heating association the association which counts 350 district. District heating is good for you financially and good for society as a whole. Spare parts and services are available all day long, every day of the year.
Linking heat and electricity systems webinar 5 june 2014. Industrial excess heat for district heating in denmark request pdf. Heat supply in denmark 5 foreword very few people are likely to know that there are more than two and a half million domestic heating installations in denmark. A district heating system with 100% re 50% solar thermal a seasonal heat storage a heat pump district heating system consisting of 33,300 m2 solar plant 75,000 m3 storagepit heat storage 1. District heating and cooling generation mix in reference case in 2030 34. Excess heat potential in denmark from thermal processes in the. The widespread use of district heating dh and combined heating and power chp is one of the most important reasons why it has been possible to increase energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions over several decades. Regulation and planning of district heating in denmark.
Denmark s co2emission would have been 811 million tons higher without district heating and chp. Denmarks co2emission would have been 811 million tons higher without district heating and chp. Solar district heating technology and market overview. About dbdh dbdh is denmarks leading district heating export organisation. Because of the high efficiency and flexibility in the district heating and combined heat and power system, it is a key element of. The increased use of district heating, in particular in the 1960s and 70s, increasingly revealed the disadvantage of steambased systems. Danish co2reduction from dh and chp 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70. Pdf comparison of district heating systems used in china and. Denmark is one of the most energy efficient countries in the world. Solar district heating ises webinar march 29, 2016 1. Thomas schmidt a and per alex sorensen b a solites steinbeis research institute for solar and sustainable thermal energy systems, meitnerstra.
Baseline share of district heating in 2015 and the minimum recommended level of district heating share in hre4. Larsen3, bengt sunden4 1 department of energy sciences, lund university, lund, sweden, p. It used geothermal energy to provide heat for about 30 houses and started operation in the 14th century. In the united kingdom, natural gas dominates the provision of heating in buildings. Microsoft powerpoint district heating in denmark erik christiansen author.
District heating traces its roots to the hot waterheated baths and greenhouses of the ancient roman empire. Integration of largescale heat pumps in the district. Storing and balancing wind power using the district heating systems is a profound solution. These factors make district heating and cooling systems most attractive in serving 1 industrial complexes, 2 densely populated urban areas, and 3 highdensity building clusters with high thermal loads. Accordingly, individual heating should change from accounting for 82% of annual heat sector investment costs to 44%. Consultant engineers 30 years years with renewable energy biomass biogas solar thermal heat pumps district heating energy planning. Some countries such as denmark, sweden, norway, and lithuania apply very distinct legal frameworks in special district heating laws, while other countries such as finland, united kingdom, france, and usa just apply ordinary energy and competition laws for the district heating and cooling activities. Not only does dh ensure that denmark has a sound and reliable heating supply but also greatly supports denmark in maintaining a sustainable energy sector and fulfilling the longterm energy policy targets. Central solar district heating plants heller, alfred. However, the current dh system in china is in great need of system improvements, technology renovation.
In sweden, oil heating has been largely replaced by district heating and. The district heating connected load in germany is approximately. Solar district heating in the peoples republic of china status and development potential this publication explores the signi. Path dependency in provision of domestic heating nature. Until the end of last year, the scandinavian country had seen 577 mw of solar thermal power fed into 79 district heating networks mostly run by municipalities. Introduction and development of the swedish district.
Ebo consult as dh i europe district heating and cooling, country by country. Only dh if a feasibility study documents lower consumer prices and economic benefits for dh. In a future energy system based on renewable energy, district heating will remain a corner stone. District heating and district cooling in norway ssb.
World leader in biogas reduces co2 emissions by 50,000 t annually. Nevertheless, it still has great potential for further expanding its dh supply, due to rapid urbanization and the demand to improve the quality of life. The range bars represent the amount of district heating that is economically feasible within a 0,5% total annual energy system cost change sensitivity. District heating and chp have reduced denmark s co2emission by 20%. Publications dbdh produces a variety of publications alone and in cooperation with read more. There are another 364 mwth in continue reading top district heating countries. Change in heat load profile for typical danish multistorey. District heatingchp is the most important factor behind denmarks co2reduction.
District heating in copenhagen 1 district heating has been an important part of the past development of energy. Lowering district heating temperatures impact to system performance in current and. A recent study investigated the feasibility of supplying space heating with lowtemperature district heating ltdh without compromising on comfort 2, which indicates that with. Larsen, risoe national laboratory, roskildedenmark dynamic performance of a. Aalborg universitet heat roadmap europe 4 quantifying the. Solar district heating has enjoyed increasing attention from all across europe and china, triggered by denmarks enormous growth rates in the field. This multiyear data is used to analyse the daily heat load variation between different years, later presented in the result section. In europe, dh systems are particularly common in sweden, finland, denmark, the baltic countries and eastern europe. Introduction and development of the swedish district heating.
The figure shows the specific cost for installed and conceptual btes. District heating systems dh systems can play an important role in increasing the use of res for heating purposes and in reducing overall primary energy consumption. Monitoring results from large scale heat storages for. Comparison of district heating systems used in china and.
In areas with large shares of combined heat and power chp production, a significant. The analysis uses the city of aalborg, denmark, as a case where municipalisation through. Where district heating is not available, try to make the best use of the available alternatives, especially renewable energy. District heating is such a concept, which is common in many countries where space heating of buildings is required, for example iceland, latvia and denmark. Fast forward 40 years from the original oil crisis and district heating networks provide heat to a whopping 63% of danish households. Change in heat load profile for typical danish multi. Since district heating is an important substitute to electricity, the increase in the electricity price has been an important reason for the growth in the price. District heating and chp have reduced denmarks co2emission by 20%. District heating and cooling enable efficient energy.
It was therefore relevant for me to address this issue and to elaborate the consequences of this transition. The widespread use of district heating and combined heat and power is one of the primary reasons that energy efficiency has increased while carbon emissions have decreased in denmark over the past several decades. To realize this potential, 21,500 new district heating systems need to be established by 2050, of which 16,500 before 2035. This report focuses on sweden, where district heating. This has increased the focus on flexible dhchp systems using, for example, heat storage, electric boilers, heat pumps, and bypass of power turbines, to support. This study analyses the company fusions in the danish district heating sector, in the context of district heating consumer prices. The flexheat district heating plant at copenhagens nordhavn harbor emits 315 fewer tonnes per annum of co 2 than the lpg gasbased alternative. Large networks include a huge amount of energy, which gives time to take actions in emergency cases. District heating tariffs, economic optimisation and local. The danish district heating prices are discussed based on the statistics and the heating districts of the country are organized into categories based on price ranges.
Aug 20, 2014 fast forward 40 years from the original oil crisis and district heating networks provide heat to a whopping 63% of danish households. District heating chp is the most important factor behind denmark s co2reduction. District heating in the core of smart energy denmark has shown that it is possible to balance a power system with more than 50% wind power. The dh is based on a typical interconnected grid at the transport level and a radial grid at the distribution level. Background report on eu27 district heating and cooling.
Dynamic performance of a district heating system in. Bohm, technical university of denmark, lyngbydenmark h. Daily heat load variations in swedish district heating systems. Abstract denmark has a longterm objective of being free of fossil fuels by 2050 with the energysupplymix for buildings being free of fossil fuels by 2035. In sweden, oil heating has been largely replaced by district heating and heat pumps. Minimum available manual and frequency reserves are included for the total. The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels or biomass, but heatonly boiler stations, geothermal heating. Challenges in the small district heating area in denmark. District heating also known as heat networks or teleheating is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. Request pdf industrial excess heat for district heating in denmark excess heat is.
It is clear that the specific cost drops significantly as the size. District heating plays a key role in the danish energy system denmark is one of the most energyefficient countries in the world. It is my goal and hope that my analysis and conclusions can be an inspiration for the district heating sector in their pursuit for optimization of the district heating system. Denmark has for many years been known as a leading country within district heating this as the scale of district heating is huge 65% of the countrys total heat demand. This technology is called cogenerated heat and elec. Solar district heating has enjoyed increasing attention from all across europe and china, triggered by denmark s enormous growth rates in the field.
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